Sida laga soo xigtay Barnaamijka Waxbarashada Kolestaroolka Qaranka (NCEP), Ururka Sonkorowga Maraykanka (ADA), iyo CDC, muhiimadda fahamka heerarka dufanka iyo gulukooska ayaa muhiim u ah dhimista kharashka daryeelka caafimaadka iyo dhimashada xaaladaha laga hortagi karo.[1-3]
Dyslipidemia waxaa lagu qeexaa kor u kaca balasmahakolestaroolka ama triglycerides (TG), ama labadaba, ama mid hooseeyalipoprotein cufnaanta sare leh (HDL)heerka ka qaybqaata horumarinta atherosclerosis.Sababaha asaasiga ah ee dyslipidemia waxaa ka mid noqon kara isbeddellada hidde-sideyaasha oo keena soo saarista xad-dhaafka ah ama nadiifinta cilladda TG iyolipoprotein cufnaanta hoose (LDL)kolestaroolka ama wax soo saarka hooseeya ama nadiifinta xad-dhaafka ah ee HDL.Sababaha labaad ee dyslipidemia waxaa ka mid ah qaab-nololeed fadhiid ah oo leh cunto badan oo dufan iyo kolestarool ah.[4]
Kolestaroolku waa dufan laga helo dhammaan unugyada xoolaha, dhiigga, xadhkaha, iyo dufanka xoolaha oo lagama maarmaan u ah samaynta iyo shaqada xuubabka unugga, isku-dhafka hormoonnada, iyo soo saarista fiitamiinnada dufanku-milmi kara.Kolestaroolku wuxuu dhex maraa dhiigga ee lipoprotein-ka.5 LDLs waxay gaadhsiiyaan kolestaroolka unugyada, halkaasoo loo isticmaalo xuubka xuubka ama isku-darka hormoonnada steroids.Taa beddelkeeda, HDL waxay ka soo ururisaa kolestaroolka xad-dhaafka ah unugyada waxayna dib ugu soo celisaa beerka.Kor u kaca kolestaroolka dhiiga waxa uu ku dari karaa walxo kale, taasoo keentay in ay samaysmaan huuro.TG waa esters laga soo qaatay glycerol iyo asiidh saddex-dufan ah oo guud ahaan lagu kaydiyo unugyada baruurta.Hormoonadu waxay sii daayaan TG tamar inta u dhaxaysa cuntada.TG waxaa laga yaabaa inay kor u qaaddo khatarta cudurada wadnaha waxaana loo tixgeliyaa calaamad muujinaysa cilladda dheef-shiid kiimikaadka;sidaas awgeed, la socodka dufanka ayaa muhiim ah sababtoo ah dyslipidemia aan la xakameynin waxay horseedi kartaa horumarinta cudurada wadnaha.
Dyslipidemia waxaa lagu ogaadaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo serumbaaritaanka astaanta dufanka.1Tijaabadani waxay cabbiraysaa wadarta kolestaroolka, kolestaroolka HDL, TG, iyo kolestaroolka LDL ee la xisaabiyay.
Sonkorowga Mellitus
Sonkorowga mellitus waa cudur daba-dheeraaday oo lagu garto cilladda isticmaalka jirka ee insulin iyo glucagon.Glucagon waxa la soo daayaa iyada oo ka jawaabaysa fiirsiga gulukooska ee hooseeya, taasoo keentay glycogenolysis.Insulintu waxa ay soo daysaa iyada oo ka jawaabaysa qaadashada cuntada, taas oo keenta in unugyadu ay ka qaataan gulukoosta dhiigga oo ay u beddelaan glycogen si loo kaydiyo.Cilad ku timaada glucagon ama insulin waxay keeni kartaa hyperglycemia.Sonkorowga waxaa laga yaabaa in ugu dambeyntii waxyeeleeyo indhaha, kelyaha, neerfaha, wadnaha, iyo xididdada dhiigga.Waxaa jira baaritaanno badan oo loo isticmaalo in lagu ogaado cudurka macaanka.Qaar ka mid ah shaybaaradan waxaa ka mid ah gulukoosta dhiigga random-ka iyo baaritaanka gulukoosta balaasmaha ee soonka.[9]
Epidemiology
Marka loo eego CDC, 71 milyan oo Maraykan ah oo qaangaar ah (33.5%) ayaa qaba dyslipidemia.Kaliya 1 ka mid ah 3-dii qof ee qaba kolestaroolka sare ayaa xaaladdu gacanta ku haysaa.Celceliska wadarta kolestaroolka dadka qaangaarka ah ee Mareykanka waa 200 mg/dL.11 CDC waxay ku qiyaastay in 29.1 milyan Americans (9.3%) ay qabaan cudurka sokorowga, iyadoo 21 milyan la helay iyo 8.1 milyan (27.8%) aan la ogaan.[2]
Hyperlipidemiawaa “cudurka hantida” ku badan bulshada maanta.20-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, waxa ay u soo korodhay xaalad caalami ah oo heersare ah.Sida laga soo xigtay WHO, Tan iyo qarnigii 21aad, celcelis ahaan 2.6 milyan oo qof ayaa u dhintay cudurrada wadnaha iyo xididdada dhiigga (sida wadnaxanuun myocardial ba'an iyo istaroogga) oo ay keento hyperlipidemia muddada-dheer sannad kasta.Baaxadda hyperlipidemia ee dadka waaweyn ee Yurub waa 54%, iyo qiyaastii 130 milyan oo qaangaar ah oo Yurub ah ayaa qaba hyperlipidemia.Dhacdooyinka hyperlipidemia ee Maraykanka si la mid ah waa u daran laakiin wax yar ayaa ka hooseeya kuwa Yurub.Natiijooyinka waxay muujinayaan in 50 boqolkiiba ragga iyo 48 boqolkiiba haweenka Mareykanka ay qabaan hyperlipidemia.Bukaannada hyperlipidemia waxay u nugul yihiin apoplexy maskaxda;Oo haddii xididdada dhiigga ee indhaha jidhka bini'aadamka ay xannibaan, waxay u horseedi doontaa aragga oo yaraada, ama xitaa indho la'aan;Haddii ay ku dhacdo kelyaha, waxay keeni doontaa dhacdooyinka kelyaha arteriosclerosis, oo saameeya shaqada caadiga ah ee kelyaha ee bukaanka, iyo dhacdooyinka kelyaha ee shaqada.Haddii ay ku dhacdo cirifka hoose, necrosis iyo boogaha ayaa laga yaabaa inay dhacaan.Intaa waxaa dheer, xuubka dhiigga ee sarreeya wuxuu kaloo keeni karaa dhibaatooyin sida dhiig-karka, xameetida, pankreatit iyo waallida waayeelka.
TIXRAACYADA
1. Warbixinta Sadexaad ee Barnaamijka Waxbarashada Qaranka ee Kolestaroolka (NCEP) Gudida Khabiirka ee Baadhista, Qiimaynta, iyo Daawaynta Kolestaroolka Dhiiga Sare ee Dadka Waaweyn (Guddiga Daawaynta Dadka Waaweyn III) warbixinta kama dambaysta ah.Wareega.2002;106:3143-3421.
2. CDC.Warbixinta Tirakoobka Macaanka ee Qaranka 2014.Oktoobar 14, 2014. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics/2014statisticsreport.html.La galiyay Luulyo 20, 2014
3. CDC, Qaybta Cudurada Wadnaha iyo Kahortagga Faaliga.Xaashida xaqiiqda kolestaroolka.www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_cholesterol.htm.La galiyay Luulyo 20, 2014
4. Goldberg A. Dyslipidemia.Nooca Xirfadlaha Buugga Merck.www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine_and_metabolic_disorders/lipid_disorders/dyslipidemia.html.La galiyay Luulyo 6, 2014
5. Machadka Qaranka ee Wadnaha, Sambabada, iyo Dhiiga.Baadh kolestaroolka dhiigga oo sarreeya.https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbc/.La galiyay Luulyo 6, 2014
6. Koorasyada Jaamacadda Washington server-ka.Kolestaroolka, lipoproteins iyo beerka.http://courses.washington.edu/conj/bess/cholesterol/liver.html.La galiyay Luulyo 10, 2014
7. Mayo Clinic.Kolestaroolka sare.www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/in-depth/triglycerides/art-20048186.La galiyay Juun 10, 2014
8. Sonkorowga.co.uk.Glucagonwww.diabetes.co.uk/body/glucagon.html.La galiyay Luulyo 15, 2014
9. Mayo Clinic.Sonkorowgawww.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20033091.La galiyay Juun 20, 2014
Waqtiga boostada: Juun-17-2022